diff --git a/content/essays/swe_vc.md b/content/essays/swe_vc.md
index b018d66..296d314 100644
--- a/content/essays/swe_vc.md
+++ b/content/essays/swe_vc.md
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 title: "Provenance Is Not Warrant"
 subtitle: "Code Was Never the Hard Part"
 date: 2026-08-10
-abstract: ""
+abstract: >
+  Software engineering does so little epistemic work that it hardly earns the name "engineering." The field has never learned to distinguish provenance — where an artifact came from — from warrant — why anyone is entitled to rely on it. Authorship, a passing test suite, and a completed review are routinely mistaken for the second when they are only ever the first; libraries are the rare exception, where warrant is actually constructed and amortized across users who never read the source. LLM-generated code inherits neither comforting story, and the discomfort that provokes is not a new problem but the oldest one in the profession, finally felt without the anaesthetic that provenance usually supplies. That discomfort is worth welcoming.
 tags: [meta]
 status: Working model
 confidence: 72